CalcArcade.

GDP Calculator

Enter consumption, investment, government spending, exports and imports. You get GDP, net exports, the share of each part and the GDP per person.

Your numbers

Result

Estimate for information only, not professional advice. Last reviewed .

How we calculate it

In the expenditure approach, GDP is the total spending on what an economy produces: GDP = C + I + G + (X − M), where C is household consumption, I is investment, G is government spending, X is exports and M is imports. X − M is called net exports.

For example, with 14,000 of consumption, 3,500 of investment, 3,800 of government spending, 2,500 of exports and 3,000 of imports (all in billions), GDP is 20,800 billion. Net exports are −500, and with a population of 330 million, GDP per person is 63,030.30.

Assumptions and limits

  • Use the same units for all five numbers and choose them in the list. Investment here means business and housing investment, not buying shares.
  • This is the nominal figure for the numbers you enter. It does not remove inflation, so it is not real GDP, and it is not adjusted for differences in prices between countries.
  • GDP measures the value of production. It does not measure wellbeing, wealth or how evenly income is shared.

Frequently asked questions

What is the GDP formula?

GDP = C + I + G + (X − M). It adds household consumption, investment, government spending and net exports (exports minus imports).

What is the difference between nominal and real GDP?

Nominal GDP uses current prices. Real GDP removes the effect of price changes, so it shows the change in the amount produced. This calculator works with the numbers you give it, so use real figures for real GDP.

Why are imports subtracted?

Imports are included in consumption, investment and government spending, but they were produced elsewhere. Subtracting them leaves only the spending on what was produced at home.

Related calculators

Worked example (a fixed example using the starting numbers, it does not change as you type)

Inputs: Consumption (C) = 14000; Investment (I) = 3500; Government spending (G) = 3800; Exports (X) = 2500; Imports (M) = 3000; Your numbers are in = Billions; Population (optional, for GDP per person) = 330000000.

  • GDP 20,800
  • Net exports -500
  • Consumption share 67.31%
  • Investment share 16.83%
  • Government share 18.27%
  • Net exports share -2.4%
  • GDP per person $63,030.30

Embed this calculator

Add this calculator to your own page. Paste the code where you want it. The small link keeps credit to the source.

More financial calculators

Last reviewed: . Formulas and assumptions are described on our methodology page. For information only; not professional advice.